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2 Sheets-Sheet 1. GVA. BLACKBURN & D. J. BRIMM.

I V TEMPORARY BINDER. No. 410,346. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

(No M01661.)

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(No Mod m 2 sheets-sneetzf Gr. A. BLACKBURN & D. J. BRIMM.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

Patented Sept 3, 1889.

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ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. BLACKBURN AND DANIEL J. BRIMM, OF COLUMBIA, SOUTH GARoLINA;

TEMPORARY BINDER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 410,346, dated September3, 1889.

Application filed December 31, 1888. Serial No. 295,056. (No model.)

Zo aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE A. BLACK- BURN and DANIEL J. BRIMM, bothofColumbia, in the county of Richland and State of South Carolina, haveinvented a new and Improved Temporary Binder, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description.

The object of our invention is to provide a temporary binder which maybe also used as a permanent binder, wherein the parts are so formed andconnected that the book may be expanded or contracted to receive agreater or less number of sheets; and to the end named the inventionconsists, essentially, of a book provided with an extensible back,binding-strips, and a means for tightening the binding-strips and theback, all as will be hereinatter more fullydescribed, and specific-.ally pointed out in the claims. 26 Reference is to be had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar figures and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts inall the views. i

Figure 1 is a perspective view ofi our improved binder. Fig. 2 is a planView of the same, the covers being open and parts being broken away.-Fig. 3 is a central sectional view taken through the back. Fig. l is aView of one of the leaves. Fig.5 is an enlarged cross-sectionalviewofaportion of the binder. Fig. 6 is a View re resenting theattachment by which the bac rollers are held from turning. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal sectional view illustrating the connections employed tohold the binder-strips. Fig. 8 is a sectional viewon line a: a: of Fig.7. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 isa longitudinal sectional View of a modified construction, and Fig. 11 isa perspective View of a form of key adapted for use inconnection withthe binder.

In the drawings, 10 and 10 represent two boxes or cases of any propermaterial, but preferably made of metal. These boxes are hollow andquadrant-shaped at a. Within the boxes there are journaled longitudinalshafts or rollers 11, upon which shaft-s there is wound a backing 12 ofany proper material. One end of each of the rollers 11 extends throughthe box end, there to rest between springs 13, the extending end beingoval or of irregular form, so as to be held from turning by the springs;but instead of using V springs such as those shown any other properconstruction could be employed.

i To one of the boxes there are connected bands or strips 15, madeof'heavy tape or of metal, which said bands or strips are carriedthrough openings 1), formed in the inner wall of the opposite box, thereto be secured to a roller 16, which is provided with a head: 17

of proper form to be engaged by a key or wrench socket. Upon the shaft16 there is mounted a ratchet-wheel 20, that is engaged 6 at such timesas it is desired to hold the shaft from turning by a double-toothed pawl21, the stem of the pawl extending upward through a longitudinal slot 0,formed in the upper wall of the case, the head ofthis stem riding in arecess d, so as to leave the upper face of the box flush; or any otherconvenient form of ratchet and pawl might be employed. In connectionwith the head of the stem 21 we arrange a spring 22, said spring beingemployed '7 5 to hold the double-toothed pawl in engagement with theratchet 20, or to hold said pawl out of engagement with the ratchet.

To the boxes or cases 10 and 10 we hinge covers 30, which covers are ofany proper form, the hingeconnection, however, being, by preference,such that the inner faces of the covers will rest in a plane parallelwith the upper faces or edges of the boxes 10 and 1O" when the coversare open.

The sheets to be bound in the binder above described are -made withL-shaped slots 40, the arrangement being such that the strips or bands15 may be passed through the main bodies of the slots, and the leavesthen moved until the strips rest in the branch slots it. After a numberof leaves have been inserted the bands 15 are tightened and the rollers11 are adjusted, so as to impartaproper tension to the back 12. Then itother leaves are to be inserted, the parts are loosened and the leavesare inserted alphabetically, if desired.

In certain instances it might be desirable to bind leaves that were notspecially cut for use in connection with our binder; and to this I00 allbook-keepers in spacing.

end we employ the modified construction shown in Fig. 10, wherein thebands are shown at 15 and run in planes at right angles to the planes inwhich the bands 15 run, the post or shaft 16, to which the bands aresecured, being centrally arranged, as shown in Fig. 10.

We will now point out some of the advantages resulting from theabove-described construction.

The temporary binder or extensible book is simple in its constructionand is easily managed. For books such as ledgers, where there are onlyinsertionsand additions to be made, the construction shown in theprincipal figures of the drawings would be used.

The contents of the binder can be increased or diminished, as desired,and perfect alphabetical arrangement can always be preserved. Sheets canbe added, withdrawn, changed, &c., in any part of the volume in a momentwithout dislocating the other leaves.

The binder is useful in book-keeping, for as a ledger it can be made thesize desired, the binding strips or tapes running through slots formedin the perman ently-bound leaves, additional leaves with L-shaped slots(shown in the drawings) being provided for use, if desired, so that thebook-keeper can insert these sheets as they are needed in any part ofthe volume, and the added sheets may be numbered decimally as they areinserted. This overcomes the difficulty experienced by If it is desired,the accounts can be kept in perfect alphabetical order by having all ofthe sheets with the L-shaped slots. Then any sheet could be removed atwill. The binder also enables the bookkeeper to run his books as long ashe pleases or to close them when he desires. If a page is badly blotted,it can be removed, rewritten, and replaced. If hinged sheets are used,all the advantages of a flexibly-backed book are secured.

' The binder is useful as a file for letters, bills, invoices, &c.; butfor this purpose we would employ the construction shown in Fig. 10,

to librarians, and it enables them to keep a perfect alphabeticalcatalogue of all the authors and books in an increasing library. Onesheet must be allowed to an author. This will give room for a briefaccount of the man and a list of his works, and when the catalogue hasbecome as large as is convenient it can be divided and two volumes used.This division can go on indefinitely until there is avolume for eachletter of the alphabet, if necessary, every name always remaining inperfect alphabetcal order, so that at any time a printed catalogue canbe quickly and readily prepared.

These are a few of the advantages resulting from the use Ofthe binderforming the subject-matter of this application.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Let ters Patent, is-

1. In a temporary binder, the combination of two cases having covershinged thereto, a backing adj ustably connected to the cases, andadjustable binding-strips extending from one case to the other,substantially as described.

2. In a temporary binder, the combination of cases, covers hinged.thereto,rollers mounted in the cases, a back connected to therollers,binding-strips, and a means for adjusting said binding-strips,substantially as described.

3. In a temporary binder, the combination, with cases, of shafts orrollers mounted therein, leaves hinged thereto, a flexible backconnected to the rollers, binding-strips, a roller to which said stripsare connected, and a means for locking the roller to place,substantially as described.

4. In atemporary binder, the combination, with cases, of covers hingedthereto, rollers mounted therein, springs arranged in connection withthe rollers, a flexible back connect-ed to the rollers, binding-stripsconnected at one end to one of the cases, a shaft. arrangedin the othercase, the binding-strips being connected to this shaft, a ratchetcarried by the shaft, and a pawl mounted in the case and arranged toengage the ratchet,- substantially as described.

GEORGE A. BLACKBURN. DANIEL J. BRIMM. \Vitnesses: O. E. THOMAS, HENRY M.LEE.

